{"product_id":"yapi-teknolojisi-1_351627-html","title":"Building Technology 1","description":"\u003cp style=\"margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 12px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"\u003e\u003cspan style='color: rgb(69, 69, 69); font-family: \"Source Sans Pro\", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;'\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"\" style='box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(69, 69, 69); font-family: \"Source Sans Pro\", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"product-tab w100 clearfix\" style='box-sizing: border-box; width: 1140px; display: inline-block; clear: both; margin-bottom: 50px; color: rgb(69, 69, 69); font-family: \"Source Sans Pro\", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"tab-content\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"tab-pane active\" id=\"Details\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; display: block;\"\u003eForeword\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eToday, construction technology has developed significantly. In addition to the building materials used in the past, many new and different materials are being used in construction.\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eThousands of construction students studying in high school and higher education, engineers, technicians, masters, and workers interested in construction, as well as those who sell these materials, must know not only the materials used in construction but also how a job is done, the names of the jobs, the names of the job elements, etc.\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eThe construction sector caters to a very wide area and has to work with many main professions. For this purpose, a construction engineer and technician must also learn some knowledge of machinery, electricity, architecture, plumbing, and surveying in addition to their own fields.\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eIt has currently been prepared for publication in two volumes.\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eThe existing topics that we have tried to fit into the book Construction Technology 1, which we tried to write, are explained as Excavation, Foundation Works, Reinforcements, Bearing Capacity of the Soil, Application of the Structure to the Soil, Retaining Walls, Walls, Arches, Vaults and Domes, Chimneys, Roofs, Stairs, which form the infrastructure of a construction. With these topics, we have exceeded four hundred pages. The second book on the remaining topics is ready for publication and will also be published.\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eAs you appreciate, each of these headings has the capacity to fill a book. When choosing the topics and creating their content, an effort was made to write them in the most understandable way. There have undoubtedly been deficiencies.I present these extensive insights for your consideration. I hope they will be beneficial to you.\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMüslim AVCIOĞLU\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003e10-06-2011\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003e\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTABLE OF CONTENTS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003e1ST CHAPTER\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION OF STRUCTURES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDEFINITION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCLASSIFICATION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eACCORDING TO THEIR OWNERSHIP\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCLASSIFICATION OF STRUCTURES ACCORDING TO THEIR CONDITION ON THE GROUND\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCLASSIFICATION OF STRUCTURES ACCORDING TO THEIR CONTINUITY\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO THE PURPOSE OF USE\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO LOAD-BEARING ELEMENTS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCHAPTER\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFOUNDATION SOIL AND FOUNDATION STRUCTURES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFOUNDATION SOIL AND FOUNDATION STRUCTURES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003e1 INTRODUCTION TO SOILS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSoil\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFoundation Soil\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFormation of Soils\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eIn-situ Soils\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTransported and Accumulated (Sedimentary) Soils\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFill Soils\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eStructure of Soils\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDispersed Granular Soils\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eHoneycomb Structured Soils\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGravelly Soils\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eEarth-structured Soils\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSpongy Structured Soils\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eOrigin of Soils\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSoils According to Load Bearing Capacity\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFoundation Soil Investigations\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMethods Applied for Soil Investigations\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eInvestigation and Test Pits\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eExcavating Sample Pits with Hand Tools\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSoil Investigation by Drilling\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePlanning\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eField Work\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLOADING TESTS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCHAPTER\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eEXCAVATION DEPTH AND SHORING\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFOUNDATION EXCAVATION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING FOUNDATION EXCAVATIONS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eEXCAVATION DEPTH\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFOUNDATION EXCAVATIONS WITH VERTICAL SIDES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSLOPED EXCAVATIONS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eEXCAVATIONS WITH EARTH-RETAINING STRUCTURES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSHORING\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSHORING SYSTEMS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTimber Shoring\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eShoring for Narrow Excavations\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eShoring for Wide Excavations\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eReinforced Concrete Shoring\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eIntersecting Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePrestressed Anchors\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSHEET PILES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTimber Sheet Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSteel Sheet Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eReinforced Concrete Sheet Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCOFFERDAMS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTimber Cofferdams\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eEarth Cofferdams\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSteel Cofferdams\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eConcrete and Reinforced Concrete Cofferdams\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDEWATERING OF GROUNDWATER FROM THE FOUNDATION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGroundwater lowering\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWater retention by soil compaction\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWater retention by freezing method\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWater retention by petrification method\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWater retention by chemical method\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSAFETY PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN EXCAVATION WORKS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003e4TH CHAPTER\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eAPPLICATION OF PLANS TO THE GROUND (LAYOUT)\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDefinition\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eREQUIRED DOCUMENTS AND INFORMATION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCOURSE OF ACTION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGENERAL RULES IN LAYOUT\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLAYOUT ON GRAPHIC MAPS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eIF POLYGON POINTS EXIST ON THE GROUND;\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLAYOUT ON CLASSIC MAPS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eIF GROUND CONTROL POINTS ARE PRESENT ON THE GROUND\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eIF GROUND CONTROL POINTS ARE NOT PRESENT ON THE GROUND\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLAYOUT ON PHOTOGRAMMETRIC MAPS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLAYOUT ON DIGITAL MAPS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLAYOUT OF BUILDING CORNERS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eINSTALLATION OF STRING LINES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePOSITION LAYOUT OF BUILDINGS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMethod Applied on Construction Sites\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSurveying Engineering Measurement Method\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCHAPTER\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCLASSIFICATION OF FOUNDATIONS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDEFINITION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSHALLOW (SURFACE) FOUNDATIONS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSURFACE FOUNDATIONS ON DRY GROUND\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eISOLATED FOOTINGS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSimple Foundation\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eIndividual Footing\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCombined Footings\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eIndividual Footings with Tie Beams\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSizing of Isolated Footings\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCONTINUOUS SURFACE FOUNDATIONS OR AREA FOUNDATIONS (STRIP, CONTINUOUS, STRIP FOOTINGS)\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWall Footing\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGrillage Foundations\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCantilever Beam Foundation\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eContinuous Foundations\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSizing of Continuous Foundations\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRAFT FOUNDATIONS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eContinuous Slabs\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSlabs with Beams on Top\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSlabs with Beams on Bottom\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMushroom Raft Foundations\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eInverted Arches\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRigid Foundation\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFoundations Built on Sand and Gravel Fill\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTimber Grillage Foundation\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSHALLOW FOUNDATIONS CONSTRUCTED UNDERWATER\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFoundation built on rock fill\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFoundation with Stone Caissons\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFoundation with Blocks\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFoundation on Underwater Concrete Pour\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFoundation with Open Caissons\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFoundation with Floating Caissons\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDEEP AND FLOATING FOUNDATIONS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFOUNDATIONS CONSTRUCTED IN OPEN EXCAVATION PITS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePILE FOUNDATIONS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDriven Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCast-in-situ (Bored) Piles (BORED PILES)\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePiles without casing\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eKomart Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCompress Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eExpress Pile\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePiles with casing\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMast Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRaymond Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eStren Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eJansen Pile\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eAbolorenz Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eBenoto Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePiles with Casing Removed (Bored Piles) -\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFranki Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSimplex Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eVVolfolz Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eStraus Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCalculation Principles for Bored Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFOUNDATIONS MADE WITH WELLS OR CAISSONS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eOpen Well Caissons\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePneumatic Caissons\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFloating Caisson Foundations\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePILE SYSTEMS ACCORDING TO BEARING CAPACITY\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eEnd-Bearing Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFriction Piles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePILE FOUNDATION GROUPS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePILES FOR SOIL COMPACTION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRULES TO BE OBSERVED IN FOUNDATION CONSTRUCTION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSAFETY PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN CONSTRUCTION WORKS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePART ONE\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGENERAL PROVISIONS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePART TWO\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSAFETY PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN CONSTRUCTION WORKS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRETAINING WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDEFINITION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCONSTRUCTION METHODS OF RETAINING WALLS ACCORDING TO GROUND CONDITIONS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWALL BELOW GROUND LEVEL\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWALL AT GROUND LEVEL\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWALL ABOVE GROUND LEVEL\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRETAINING WALL CONSTRUCTION METHODS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRETAINING WALLS ACCORDING TO MATERIALS USED\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCLASSIFICATION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSTONE RETAINING WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRock Gabions\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDry-laid rubble stone walls\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMortared rubble stone walls\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eREINFORCED CONCRETE RETAINING WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMonolithic Reinforced Concrete Wall\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eStepped Reinforced Concrete Wall\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePrecast Reinforced Concrete Walls\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eReinforced Earth Walls\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGEOWALL\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDEFINITION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCHARACTERISTICS REQUIRED FOR WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTOOLS USED IN WALL CONSTRUCTION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTYPES OF WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLOAD-BEARING WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLoad-bearing walls constructed with masonry technique\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWalls constructed with skeleton technique\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eNON-LOAD-BEARING WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSTONE WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSTONES USED IN WALL CONSTRUCTION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STONES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eIMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS IN STONE WALL MASONRY\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTYPES OF STONE WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRubble Stone Wall\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRoughly Dressed Stone Wall\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFinely Dressed Stone Wall\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eAshlar Stone Walls\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eBRICK WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFIRED BRICKS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSPECIAL PURPOSE BRICKS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRamp Bricks\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eKerb Bricks\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eChannel Bricks\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eStep Bricks\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePost Base Bricks\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGrass Bricks\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePoolside Bricks\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTactile Paving Bricks for the Visually Impaired\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eBrick Chips\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMosaic Parquet\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSpecial Corner Connection Bricks\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eExterior and Interior Concave Turn\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eAngled Convex Turn\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eVertical Turn\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSmall Oval Corner\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRod Brick\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePOINTS TO BE CONSIDERED IN APPLICATION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eUNFIRED BRICKS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGlass bricks\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eBREEZE BLOCKS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePUMICE BLOCKS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMORTARS USED IN WALL CONSTRUCTION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eNON-HYDRAULIC (AIR-SETTING) MORTARS)\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLime mortar\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGypsum mortar\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eClay mortar\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eHYDRAULIC MORTARS (WATER-SETTING MORTARS)\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMortar made with pozzolanic lime\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCement mortar\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWALL MASONRY\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWhen laying brick walls, the following points must be observed;\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTYPES OF BONDING\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSTRETCHER BOND\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLOCK BOND\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-sizing;\"\u003eSTAGGERED BOND\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSTRAIGHT SOLDIER BOND\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCATONA BONDING\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSANDWICH WALL\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWALL INTERSECTIONS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDoor and Window Reveals\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRight Angle Corner Connection\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWide Angle Corner Connection\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eAcute Angle Corner Connection\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eVertical Dowels\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eInclined Dowels\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eVertical and Inclined Intersections\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePIER WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eBRICK COLUMNS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCONCRETE WALL\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eREINFORCED CONCRETE WALL\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCOMPOSITE WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCLADDED WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCAVITY WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDRYWALL PANEL WALL\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWOODEN WALL\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMETAL WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eVAULTS and DOMES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eARCHES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eELEMENTS FORMING THE ARCH\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTYPES OF ARCHES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFlat arch\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eBulging and Flat Arches\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFull Arch\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eBasket-handle Arches\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eThree-centered basket-handle arch\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFive-centered Basket-handle Arch\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePointed Arches\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDepressed Pointed Arch\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eNormal Pointed Arch\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eOgee Arch\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSait Arch\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSait Arches Drawn with Auxiliary Circles and Lines\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSait Arches Drawn with Quarter Circles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eElliptical Arches\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eElliptical Arches Drawn with Auxiliary Circles and Lines\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eElliptical Arches Drawn with Auxiliary Circles\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFour-Centered Compound Arch and Byzantine Style Arch\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eARCH MASONRY\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eARCHES MADE OF STONE\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eARCH FORMS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eVAULTS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDOMES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCYLINDRICAL DOMES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eVaulted Dome\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eBarrel Vault Dome\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMirror Dome\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMonastery Dome\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCruciform Domes\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCross Dome\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRibbed Cross (Gothic) Dome\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eStar (Segmented) Cross Dome\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eROUND DOMES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRound Dome\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eByzantine Style Dome\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eBohemian Dome\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eUmbrella-shaped Dome\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDOME FORMS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCHAPTER\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCHIMNEYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSMOKE CHIMNEYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSTOVE CHIMNEYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCondensation in Chimneys\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSHUNT CHIMNEY\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eHEATING CHIMNEYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCLASSIC SYSTEM CHIMNEYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eUNIVERSAL SYSTEM CHIMNEYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCOMPARISON OF CLASSIC-UNIVERSAL SYSTEM\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSTAINLESS STEEL CHIMNEYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSINGLE-WALLED CHIMNEY SYSTEMS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDOUBLE-WALLED CHIMNEY SYSTEMS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eINDUSTRIAL CHIMNEY SYSTEMS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eAIR CHIMNEYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eINDIVIDUAL VENTILATION CHIMNEYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMIXED AIR CHIMNEY SYSTEM\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCOMMON AIR CHIMNEY SYSTEM\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGARBAGE CHIMNEYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eINSTALLATION CHIMNEYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eNATURAL GAS CHIMNEYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCHIMNEY CROSS-SECTION CALCULATION FOR CENTRAL HEATING\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003e10TH CHAPTER\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDEFINITION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eROOFS ACCORDING TO THEIR SLOPES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFLAT ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eNORMAL ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePITCHED ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eROOF SLOPE\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTYPES OF ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGABLE ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eHIP ROOF\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSHED ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMANSARD ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePOINTED (PAVILION OR CONICAL) ROOF\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSAWTOOTH ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLANTERN ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWINGED ROOF\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCYLINDRICAL ROOF\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFOLDED PLATE ROOF\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDOME ROOF\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eBUTTERFLY ROOF\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCOMBINED ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eROOF ARRANGEMENT ACCORDING TO PLAN\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eEAVELESS ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFLAT EAVED ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eOVERHANGING EAVED ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eROOFS WITH CORNICES AND EAVES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eROOFS WITH PARAPET WALLS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eHIDDEN ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eBALANCING OF ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDEVELOPMENT OF ROOF AREAS AND FINDING THEIR TRUE LENGTHS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFINDING TRUE LENGTH BY PROJECTION METHOD\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFINDING TRUE LENGTH BY TRIGONOMETRIC METHOD\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFINDING TRUE LENGTH BY GEOMETRIC METHOD\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCONSTRUCTION OF ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCOMMON RAFTER ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSUSPENDED ROOFS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-sizing;\"\u003eSingle King Post Truss\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDouble King Post Truss\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTriple King Post Truss\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLean-to Roof Trusses\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMulti-Span Suspended Roof Trusses\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSPACE FRAMES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eAreas of Use\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eAdvantages\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eNode Points\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eBolts, Nuts and Pins\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eBars and Conical Parts\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSupports\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCladding\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePURLINS, DIAGONAL BRACES AND VALLEYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCorrosion Protection\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGalvanized coating\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePaint\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eGalvanized Coating\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eAssembly\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSpace Frame System Model Details\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSpace System Node Details\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSupport Sphere Details\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eValley and Cladding Details\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLighting and Ventilation Detail\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePurlin Detail\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSpace System Bar Types\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTINSMITHING WORKS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDEFINITION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eROOF EAVES, GUTTERS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eHANGING GUTTERS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eHIDDEN GUTTERS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWALL BASES, CHIMNEY FLASHINGS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eROOF CAPS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eVALLEY RIDGES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eINLET PIPES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDOWNPIPES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCHIMNEY HOLE COVER AND CLEANING\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDIMENSIONING OF RAIN GUTTERS AND PIPES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTERRACE, ROOF SLOPE AND WATER DRAINAGE\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eVERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL OUTLET DRAINS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLEAF GUARDS;\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTWIN DRAIN SYSTEM\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRound Section\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSquare Section\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eLEAF GUARD ELEMENTS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRAINWATER DOWNPIPE COMPONENTS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCOPPER RAINWATER DOWNPIPE COMPONENTS AND SIZES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePLASTIC RAINWATER DOWNPIPE COMPONENTS (RECTANGULAR SECTION) STEEL RAINWATER DOWNPIPE COMPONENTS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ePLASTISOL REINFORCED STEEL GUTTER STRUCTURE\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSTAIRS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eDEFINITION\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eEXTERNAL STAIRS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eINTERNAL STAIRS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eFIRE ESCAPES\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSAFETY MEASURES TO BE TAKEN ON STAIRS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eESCALATORS AND MOVING WALKWAYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMOVING WALKWAYS (BELTS)\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eCALCULATION OF MOVING WALKWAYS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eESCALATORS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eHUMAN TRAFFIC ON ESCALATORS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eESCALATOR CALCULATIONS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eTECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWHEELCHAIR ESCALATOR\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSTAIR TYPES ACCORDING TO MATERIAL\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eWOODEN STAIRS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eOpen-riser wooden stairs\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eNail-on Tread Stairs\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eOverlap Tread Stairs\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eSliding Tread Stairs\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRecessed Tread Stairs\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eClosed-riser wooden stairs\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eRecessed Tread Stairs\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eOverlap Tread Stairs\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMASONRY STAIRS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eStone stairs\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eArtificial stone stairs\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eReinforced concrete stairs\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eMETAL STAIRS\u003cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eHANDRAILS AND RAILINGS \u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Birsen Yayınevi","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39409065590979,"sku":"9789755115603","price":1260.0,"currency_code":"TRY","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0523\/3950\/7395\/products\/9789755115603.jpg?v=1616018692","url":"https:\/\/yemkitabevi.com\/en-us\/products\/yapi-teknolojisi-1_351627-html","provider":"YEM Kitabevi","version":"1.0","type":"link"}