Square and Modernization

Squares are public open spaces that best reflect the history, culture, and identity of cities. The location, physical appearance, and functions of squares vary according to the cultural environments. The squares of Western cities are urban spaces defined by works that reflect the architectural and artistic understanding of their period.

In traditional Turkish cities, open areas such as marketplaces, bazaar fronts, fountainheads, and mosque and madrasah courtyards served as squares. In areas outside the city, referred to as "squares," events such as horse racing, sports shows, military drills, and holiday festivities were held. During the Westernization period, squares began to be planned as public open spaces in the centers of Turkish cities, modeled after European capitals.

In this book, Şükrü Karatepe examines the understanding of squares in different cultures and the spatial transformation of city squares in Turkey through the example of Kayseri. The extensive visual documentation of the topics discussed makes this pioneering book even more engaging.