The Ottoman Empire entered the 18th century having experienced significant territorial losses for the first time through treaties signed as a result of defeats in wars. In this century, Ottoman military technology, in particular, was observed to have fallen behind that of the West. Having lost its influence and superiority over the West, the Ottoman Empire turned its attention to Europe, especially France, and efforts toward innovation in military training and art took place in this century.

Architecture holds an important place within these modernization movements, also referred to as Westernization efforts. In the second half of the 18th century, many works concretely reflecting this situation were created. This work aims to present the works built in Istanbul during the reigns of Sultan Mustafa III and Sultan Abdülhamid I within the context of Ottoman Westernization. In addition, the works mentioned in the study were compared in terms of their locations and patrons.